BSNC 6000 MIDTERM EXAM ACTUAL 2025/2026 CORRECTLY ANSWERED

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BSNC 6000 MIDTERM EXAM ACTUAL 2025/2026 QUESTIONS AND 100% CORRECT ANSWERS Appropriate intervention for COPD exacerbation addressing impaired perfusion - Answer -Administer O2 Appropriate intervention for heart failure exacerbation addressing impaired gas exchange - Answer -Position patient in semi-fowlers Sign of impaired electrolyte the imbalance in a patient with both COPD and HF - Answer -irregular heart beat Sign of impaired fluid imbalance in a patient with both COPD and HF - Answer -Peripheral edema Physical assessment to distinguish R vs L sided heart failure - Answer -jugular vein distension (indicates right) According to the oxygen supply and demand framework, oxygen supply depends on... - Answer -Cardiac output and arterial oxygen content Cardiac output depends on... - Answer -Heart rate and stroke volume (after load is affected by vascular resistance and aortic impedance, contractility is affected by Ca2+, ATP, and contractile proteins, and preload is affected by filling time and venous return) Arterial oxygen content depends on... - Answer -Oxygen bound to hemoglobin (affected by hgb levels and # of RBCs), oxygen dissolved in plasma (PaO2), and $ saturation of Hgb (SaO2) Need assistance on Online classes, Exams & Assignments? Reach out for instant help!! Full Course Assistance, Plagiarism-free Essay Writing, Research Paper, Dissertation, Discussion Posts, etc…. Confidential & Secure services. Tutors are available for all subjects! Email now at: tutorjean01@gmail.com Alveolar gas exchange, which determines PaCO2 and PaO2, is affected by... - Answer -composition of inspired air, ventilation (lung compliance, airway resistance, neuromuscular function), pulmonary perfusion (blood vessel latency, central perfusion), and alveolar capillary diffusion (surface area, pressure gradient, diffusion distance) According to the oxygen supply and demand framework, oxygen demand depends on... - Answer -metabolic demand (determined by temperature, stress, and physical activity) Clinical manifestations of acute HF and COPD exacerbation - Answer -decreased O2 sats, increased CO2, irregular HR (due to electrolyte balance and salbutamol), low HgB, lactic acid buildup, low diastolic BP, edema (peripheral and pulmonary), poor CWMS, dizziness, low EF, increase RR Pharmacological management of clients experiencing exacerbation of COPD and HF - Answer -Salbutamol: bronchodilator, used as long term agent in COPD Atrovent: controlling symptoms of COPD by relaxing airway muscles Steroids (anti-inflammatories): help reduce inflammation in lungs, however can increase fluid retention in HF Furosemide: prevent fluid retention, helps peripheral and pulmonary edema (may cause dehydration or electrolyte imbalance) Definition of delirium - Answer -Acute confusional state Risks of delirium - Answer -Infection, multiple medications, change in environment, dehydration, surgery, injury, constipation, pain Outcomes of delirium + treatment - Answer -changes in mood, alertness, agitation, drowsiness, hallucinations, delusions, disturbed sleep, disorganized thinking. Treated by addressing cause, occasionally by antipsychotics Need assistance on Online classes, Exams & Assignments? Reach out for instant help!! Full Course Assistance, Plagiarism-free Essay Writing, Research Paper, Dissertation, Discussion Posts, etc…. Confidential & Secure services. Tutors are available for all subjects! Email now at: tutorjean01@gmail.com